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Home > Section Library > Category Documents > Group Documents (Areas)

Literature (Areas)

Introduction

This Group contains published and grey CBNRM literature organized after areas, that is, regions and countries (for delimitation of regions, see Category Regions). A Background on this Group is available.

For additional information about an item, including description, keywords, URLs, and comments, consult Group Documents (Authors/Publishers). Literature that does not have a specific area (in the sense of a regional, sub-regional or country) focus, but a general (say global) focus are listed under Item Documents (Topics).

The entries are listed under the following regions (themselves divided into sub-regions and/or countries): (1) Africa (i.e., Sub-Saharan Africa), (2) East Asia and the Pacific, (3) Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East, (4) Latin America and the Caribbean, (5) South Asia, and (6) Other regions. An entry may be listed more than one place.

1. Africa

Sub-regions: (1) Central Africa, (2) East Africa, (3) Horn of Africa, (4) Indian Ocean Islands, (5) Southern Africa, (6) West Africa, and (7) Sahel.

General

  1. Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane. 2000. "Minutes of the discussions on the creation of CORET (Confederation of Traditional Herders Organizations)." Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane (APESS), General Assembly Meeting, Doris, Burkina Faso, 13-19 November 2000.
  2. Bennell, Paul, et al. 2000. "Improving policy analysis and management for poverty reduction in Sub-Saharan Africa: Creating an effective learning community." United Kingdom: Institute of Development Studies.
  3. Hoben, Allan, Peters, Pauline, and Rocheleau, Dianne. 1996. Participation and development assistance in Africa. USAID Policy Brief, no. 3, September 1996.
  4. Josserand, Henry P. 1999. "Assessment and impact of the CBNRM experience in Africa. Brief presentation of the plan for data management and analysis." Prepared for presentation at the meeting on Economic and Environmental Trends in Africa, 21 December 1999. Burlington, Vermont, United States: Associates in Rural Development, Inc.
  5. Murombedzi, James C. 1998. "The evolving context of community-based natural resource management in Sub-Saharan Africa in historical perspective." Plenary presentation, the 'International workshop on Community-Based Natural Resource Management (CBNRM)', Washington D.C., United States, 10-14 May 1998.
  6. Palmer, Robert. 1999. "Report on 'DFID workshop on land tenure, poverty and sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa', Sunningdale, Berkshire, February 1999." London, United Kingdom: Oxfam Great Britain.
  7. Soeftestad, Lars T. 2002. "CBNRM Net: Knowledge management and networking for the global CBNRM community of practice." Paper prepared for the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  8. Soeftestad, Lars T. 2004. "Biodiversity conservation, communication and language - is English a solution, a problem or both?" 2004. CBNRM Net Papers, no. 7, August 2004.
  9. Soeftestad, Lars T., and Kashwan, Prakash. 2004. "CBNRM Net: From managing natural resources to managing ecosystems, knowledge and people." In: Arno Scharl, ed. Environmental online communication, p. 235-250. London, United Kingdom: Springer.
  10. Soeftestad, Lars T., et al. 2004. "Language, culture and communication in development cooperation. On the role of ICTs in networking online communities of practice." CBNRM Net Papers, no. 6, March 2004.
  11. United States Agency for International Development. 2000. "Developing an HIV/AIDS - community-based natural resource management brief and tool kit." Washington D.C., United States: United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  12. United States Agency for International Development. 1999. "Analysis of three case studies about strengthening community institutions for natural resource management." Presented at the USAID workshop on Growth-Environment 'win-win' opportunities through natural resource-based industries, 4 November 1999. Prepared by J. Kathy Parker, Consultant to Associates in Rural Development. Washington D.C., United States: United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  13. United States Agency for International Development. 2003. Community-based natural resource management (CBNRM). In: Environmental guidelines for small scale activities in Africa, 2nd ed. Draft, 1 February 2003. Nairobi, Kenya: Environmental Assessment Capacity Building Program (ENCAP), United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  14. World Resources Institute. 1996. Participation and development assistance in Africa. By Allan Hoben, Pauline Peters and Dianne Rocheleau. PCG Policy Brief, no. 3, September 1996.

1. Central Africa

Countries: Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo (Brazzaville), Congo (Kinshasa), Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, and São Tomé and Principé.

General

Cameroon

Central African Republic

Chad

Congo (Brazzaville)

Congo (Kinshasa)

Equatorial Guinea

Gabon

São Tomé and Principé

2. East Africa

Countries: Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, and Uganda.

General

  1. Alden Wily, Liz. 2000. "Democratizing the commonage. The changing legal framework for natural resource management in eastern and southern Africa with particular reference to forests." Paper presented at the '2nd CASS/PLAAS Regional meeting', Cape Town, South Africa, 16-17 October 2000.
  2. Alden Wily, Liz, and Mbaya, Sue. 2001. Land, people and forest in eastern and southern Africa at the beginning of the 21st century. The impact of land relations on the role of communities in forest future. Nairobi, Kenya: IUCN-EARO.
  3. Nicholas, Kunga Ngece. 2002. "Community based tourism: What can the people of East Africa learn from success stories elsewhere?" November 2002. Nairobi, Kenya: East African Ecotourism Development and Conservation Consultants.
  4. Nicholas, Kunga Ngece. 2003. "Challenges in forestry conservation in East Africa. Is community based forestry the key to forest survival?" January 2003. Nairobi, Kenya: East African Ecotourism Development and Conservation Consultants.
  5. Palmer, Robert. 1997. "Contested lands in Southern and Eastern Africa: A literature survey." Report to Oxfam UK and Ireland. Oxford: Oxfam.

Burundi

Kenya

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).
  2. Omosa, Eileen. 2002. "Community natural resource management for sustainable livelihoods." Presented at the workshop 'Enhancing natural resources and livelihoods globally through community-based resource management', 6-9 November 2002. Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada: Learning and Innovations Institute, St. Francis Xavier University.
  3. Vainio-Mattila, Arja H. 1996. "The impact of development interventions on community based natural resource management: Cases from Kenya and Namibia." Fennia, vol. 174, no. 1, p. 125-222. Helsinki, Finland.

Rwanda

Tanzania

  1. Alcorn, Janis, Kajuni, Asukile, and Winterbottom, Bob. 2002. "Assessment of CBNRM best practices in Tanzania. Final Report, 31 October 2002." Tanzania: Office of Sustainable Development, Africa Bureau, United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  2. Junge, Hajo. 2002. Decentralisation and community-based natural resource management in Tanzania. The case of local governance and community-based conservation in districts around the Selous Game Reserve. Tanzania Wildlife Discussion Paper, no. 32. Dar Es Salaam: Wildlife Division, Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit, GTZ Wildlife Programme in Tanzania.
  3. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  4. Tanzania Home Economics Association. n.d. "Women and land rights: Gain by the Gender Task Forces on Land Bill (1998 Land Acts)." By Freda Chale and Rose Ubwe. Tanzania Home Economics Association (TAHEA).
  5. "Village by-laws in Tanzania." 1969.

Uganda

  1. Jaramogi, Apollo. 2002. "Uganda Orphans Rural Development Programme (UORDP): the role of UORDP in enhancing natural resources and livelihoods for orphaned children through CBNRM in Tororo District, Uganda." Presented at the workshop 'Enhancing natural resources and livelihoods globally through community-based resource management', 6-9 November 2002. Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada: Learning and Innovations Institute, St. Francis Xavier University.
  2. Nicholas, Kunga Ngece. 2002. "Collaborative forest management or community forest management: The case of Mpanga Forest Reserve, Uganda." September 2002. Kampala, Uganda: Friends of Mpigi Forest Conservation and Development Organization (FOMAF).

3. Horn of Africa

Countries: Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia, and Sudan.

General

Djibouti

Eritrea

Ethiopia

Somalia

Sudan

  1. United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs & Integrated Regional Information Network. 2003. "Feature: ecological aspects of the conflict."

4. Indian Ocean Islands

Countries: Madagascar and Mauritius.

General

Madagascar

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2001. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2000-2001 Annual Report, p. 117-124. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).
  2. Marcus, Richard R., and Kull, Christian. n.d. "Setting the stage: The politics of Madagascar's environmental efforts."

Mauritius

5. Southern Africa

Countries: Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawio, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.

General

  1. Alden Wily, Liz. 2002. "Community forest management in Africa. An overview of progress and issues." Keynote paper presented at the 'Second international workshop on participatory forest management in Africa', Arusha, Tanzania, 18-23 February 2002.
  2. Alden Wily, Liz, and Mbaya, Sue. 2001. Land, people and forest in eastern and southern Africa at the beginning of the 21st century. The impact of land relations on the role of communities in forest future. Nairobi, Kenya: IUCN-EARO.
  3. Bell, Richard. 1999. "CBNRM and other acronyms: An overview and challenges in the Southern African region." Paper presented at the CASS/PLAAS inaugural meeting on 'Community Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa: A regional programme of analysis and communication', Kadoma, Zimbabwe, 21-23 September 1999.
  4. Borrini-Feyerabend, Grazia. 1996. Collaborative management of protected areas: Tailoring the approach to the context. Gland, Switzerland: International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
  5. Bruce, J., et al. 1996. Country profiles of land tenure in Southern Africa. Wisconsin, USA: Land Tenure Centre, University of Wisconsin.
  6. CASS/PLAAS. 1999. "Report on the inaugural workshop of the CASS/PLAAS programme on community-based natural resource management in Southern Africa, Kadoma, Zimbabwe, 21-24 September 1999." Centre for Applied Social Sciences (CASS), University of Zimbabwe and Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), School of Government, University of the Western Cape.
  7. CASS/PLAAS. 2000. "Report on the 2nd regional workshop of the CASS/PLAAS programme on community-based natural resource management in Southern Africa, Cape Town, South Africa, 16-17 October 2000." Centre for Applied Social Sciences (CASS), University of Zimbabwe and Programme for Land and Agrarian Studies (PLAAS), School of Government, University of the Western Cape.
  8. Fakir, Saliem. 2003. "The privatization of the commons in Southern Africa: what are the trends and debates. Draft final." IUCN - Southern Africa.
  9. Fakir, Saliem. 2004. "Towards a pragmatic compliance and enforcement regime for the environment using a rights-based approach." Paper presented at the conference 'Enviro-legal compliance for sustainability', Rosebank, South Africa, 23-25 February 2004.
  10. Fortmann, Luise, Roe, Emery, and van Eeten, Michael. 2001. "At the threshold between governance and management: Community-based natural resource management in Southern Africa." Public Administration and Development, vol. 21, issue 2, p. 171-85.
  11. IUCN-ROSA. 1999. Environmental strategies for land tenure and community based natural resource management in Southern Africa. Harare, Zimbabwe: IUCN-ROSA.
  12. Katerere, Y., and Guveya. 1998. "Seeking new perspectives in land and natural resource management." In: Setting the foundations for building capacities, networking and research for land reforms in Southern Africa. Harare, Zimbabwe: ZERO.
  13. Khanya - Managing Rural Change. 2003. Community-based natural resource management. Sustaining Livelihoods in Southern Africa, Issue 10, June 2003.
  14. Le Breton, Gus. 1998. "Semantics, sustainability and CBNRM." Prepared for the Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE), Harare, Zimbabwe.
  15. Matowanyika, J. Z. Z., and Marongwe, N. 1998. Land and sustainable development in Southern Africa: An exploration of some emerging issues. Harare, Zimbabwe: ZERO.
  16. Mullins, Dan. 2001. "Land reform, poverty reduction and HIV/AIDS." Paper presented at the 'SARPN conference on land reform and poverty alleviation in Southern Africa', Pretoria, South Africa, 4-5 June 2001.
  17. Murphee, Marshall. 1999. "Governance and community capacity." Paper presented at the CASS/PLAAS inaugural meeting on 'Community Based Natural Resource Management in Southern Africa: A regional programme of analysis and communication', Kadoma, Zimbabwe, 21-23 September 1999.
  18. Palmer, Robert. 1997. "Contested lands in Southern and Eastern Africa: A literature survey." Report to Oxfam UK and Ireland. Oxford: Oxfam.
  19. Parnell, Susan. 2000. "Environment and poverty in Southern Africa - regional linkages." Background paper for DFID SA and CA. November 2000.
  20. Regional Center for Southern Africa. 1998. "Assessment of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in Southern Africa." Draft, July 1998. Prepared by Agricultural Development Consultants, Inc., Miami, Florida, United States. Gaborone, Botswana: Regional Center for Southern Africa (RCSA), United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  21. Rice, Matthew. 2001. "What is community-based natural resource management? An introduction to CBNRM." Prepared in connection with a lecture given at a seminar in Illmitz, Germany, 17-20 October 2001.
  22. Rihoy, E. 1998. Natural resource tenure in Southern Africa: Exploring options and opportunities. Harare, Zimbabwe: Africa Resources Trust.
  23. Rihoy, E. 1998. Policy Brief: Natural resource tenure in Southern Africa. Harare, Zimbabwe: IUCN-ROSA.
  24. Rihoy, L., ed. 1995. The commons without a tragedy? Strategies for community based natural resources management in Southern Africa. Proceedings of the Regional Natural Resource Management Programme, Annual Conference, Kasane, Botswana, 3-6 April 1995. Lilongwe, Malawi: SADC Wildlife Technical Coordination Unit.
  25. Shackleton, Sheona, et al. 2002. Devolution and community-based natural resource management: creating space for local people to participate and benefit? ODI Natural Resource Perspectives, no. 76, March 2002. London, United Kingdom: Overseas Development Institute.
  26. Steenkamp, C., and Uhr, J. 2000. "Makuleke land claim: Power relations and community-based natural resource management." Series Evaluating Eden, EE DP 18. 26 p. London: United Kingdom: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
  27. Taylor, M. 1996. CBNRM: a select foundation bibliography with emphasis on southern Africa. Lilongwe: SADC Wildlife TCU/NRMP. Harare: Africa Resources Trust. 242 p.
  28. World Wide Fund for Nature. 2006. Community-based natural resource management manual. Ivan Bond, A. Davis, C. Nott, K. Nott and G. Stuart-Hill. Wildlife management series. Harare, Zimbabwe: WWF-World Wide fund for Nature, Southern African Regional Office (SARPO).
  29. World Wide Fund for Nature. 2007. "Empowering rural communities to manage wildlife: Lessons learned from WWF - SARPO's support to CAMPFIRE Project 1993-2002." Ivan Bond, Lilian Goredema, Russell Tailor and Sonya Vermeulen. WWF - SARPO Occasional Paper Number 14, October 2007. Harare, Zimbabwe: WWF-World Wide fund for Nature, Southern African Regional Office (SARPO).
  30. ZERO. 1998. Enhancing land reforms in Southern Africa: Reviews on land reform strategies and CBNRM. Harare, Zimbabwe: ZERO - Regional Environmental Organization.
  31. ZERO. 1998. Setting the foundations for building capacities, networking and research on land reforms in Southern Africa. Harare, Zimbabwe: ZERO.

Angola

  1. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Botswana

  1. Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development. 2002. "Gumare-Qangwa workshop report. Towards developing a community-based natural resources assessment system." Compiled by Michael Vosa Flyman. Gumare, Botswana: Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development (ACORD).
  2. Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development. 2002. "Qangwa Natural Resources Assessment System. Inventory Outputs." Compiled by ACORD's Natural Resources Management Team. Facilitated by Michael Vosa Flyman. Gumare, Botswana: Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development (ACORD).
  3. Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development. October 2002. "Through our eyes. ACORD's experience with CBNRM. Okavango Community Trust." Gumare, Botswana: Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development (ACORD).
  4. Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development. December 2003. "Bridging the gap between livestock keeping and tourism in Ngamiland District, Botswana." Concept paper. Prepared by Michael Vosa Flyman. Gumare, Botswana: Agency for Co-operation and Research in Development (ACORD).
  5. Arntzen, Jaap, and Chigadora, Kwashi. 2002. "The impact of government policies on rangelands conditions and rural livelihoods in the Matsheng Area Kgalagadi North, Botswana." Project 'Global change and subsistence rangelands in Southern Africa: Resource variability, access and use in relation to rural livelihoods and welfare'. Proceedings of EU funded workshop, Maseru, Lesotho, 26 November - 1 December 2000.
  6. Bock, John, and Johnson, Sara E. n.d. "The Okavango Delta Peoples of Botswana."
  7. CBNRM Support Programme. 2002. "The Botswana elephant paradox." October 2002. Prepared in connection with the CITES meeting in November 2002. Gaborone, Botswana: CBNRM Support Programme.
  8. Centre for Applied Research. 2003. "Inception report. Review of community-based natural resource management in Botswana." Study carried out for the National CBNRM Forum and submitted to the Review Reference Committee 23 May 2003. Gaborone, Botswana: Centre for Applied Research.
  9. Chambers, Lucas. n.d. "An act of faith. Community based natural resource management in Botswana." Unpublished.
  10. Chemonics International Inc. n.d. "Community-based natural resource management: Policy review and revision. Final Report." Prepared by Mark D. Johnstad. United States Agency for International Development, RCSA, BIOFOR Task Order 802. Submitted to Dept. of Wildlife and National Parks. MCI, Government of Botswana.
  11. Chemonics International Inc. 2000. "Gap analysis of district level community-based natural resource management system capacity. Final Report." Prepared by Brian Jones and Wilf Slade. United States Agency for International Development, RCSA, BIOFOR Task Order 802. Submitted to Dept. of Wildlife and National Parks. MCI, Government of Botswana.
  12. Gaborone, S. 1998. "Land and resource tenure in Botswana: An overview." In: Natural resource tenure and decentralization in the SADC region. Harare, Zimbabwe: Africa Resources Trust.
  13. Government of Botswana. 1983. Report of the Presidential Commission on Land Tenure. Gaborone, Botswana: Government Printer.
  14. Government of Botswana, Ministry of Labour and Home Affairs. n.d. "Draft national policy for non-governmental organizations and community based organizations." Prepared by the Botswana Council of Non-Governmental Organisations (BOCONGO).
  15. Gujadhur, Tara. 1999. "Botswana." In: Regional inventory of strategies in community based natural resource management. SNV Botswana.
  16. Gujadhur, Tara. 2000. "Alcohol abuse intervention strategies for rural (Bushmen) settlements embarking on CBNRM." July 2000. Gaborone, Botswana: IUCN/SNV CBNRM Support Programme.
  17. Jones, Brian T. B. 1999. Community-based natural resource management in Botswana and Namibia: An inventory and preliminary analysis of progress. Series Evaluating Eden, EE DP 06. 95 p. London, United Kingdom: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
  18. Peters, P. 1995. Dividing the commons: Politics, policy and culture in Botswana. University of Virginia Press.
  19. Regional Center for Southern Africa. 1998. "Assessment of community-based natural resource management (CBNRM) in Southern Africa." Draft, July 1998. Prepared by Agricultural Development Consultants, Inc., Miami, Florida, United States. Gaborone, Botswana: Regional Center for Southern Africa (RCSA), United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  20. Rozemeijer, Nico, et al. 1999. "Background paper." National conference on community based natural resource management in Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana, 26-29 July 1999.
  21. Rozemeijer, Nico. 2002. "Network who? The impact of 'networks' on the participation of communities in Community-Based Natural Resources Management (CBNRM) in Botswana." Paper prepared for the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  22. Rozemeijer, Nico. 2002. "The expected impact of the new 'Game Ranching Policy for Botswana' on CBNRM." September 2002. Gaborone, Botswana: IUCN/SNV CBNRM Support Programme.
  23. Rozemeijer, Nico. 2003. "CBNRM in Botswana. Revisiting the assumptions after 10 years of implementation." 18 February 2003. Background paper for the World Parks Congress in Durban, August-September 2003.
  24. Twyman, Chasca. 1998. "Rethinking community resource management: Managing resources or managing people in Western Botswana?" Third World Quarterly, vol. 19, issue 4, p. 745 (26 p).

Lesotho

Malawi

  1. ULG Consultants. 1997. "Community based natural resource management: A strategy for the USAID nature programme, Malawi." Draft final report by ULG Consultants Ltd., University of Arizona. 35p.
  2. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.

Mozambique

  1. Bergstrand, Niklas. 2004. "Traditional authority in Mozambique. A potential source in the implementation of a rural development project?" M.A. Thesis. Department of Political Science, Lund University. Lund, Sweden: Lund University.
  2. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  3. Osborn, Loki. 1998. "Elephant/human conflict around Maputo Elephant Reserve, Mozambique."

Namibia

  1. Corbett, Andrew, and Jones, Brian T. B. 2000. "The legal aspects of governance in CBNRM in Namibia." Paper presented at the 2nd CASS/PLAAS Regional meeting, Cape Town, South Africa, 16-17 October 2000.
  2. Flintan, Fiona. 2001. Women and CBNRM in Namibia. A case study of the IRDNC Community Resource Monitor Project. Working Paper, no. 2. Engendering Eden Project.
  3. Jones, Brian T. B. 1998. Namibia's approach to community-based natural resource management (CBNRM): Towards sustainable development in communal areas. In: Scandinavian seminar college: African perspectives of policies and practices supporting sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa. Windhoek, September 1998.
  4. Jones, Brian T. B. 1999. Community-based natural resource management in Botswana and Namibia: An inventory and preliminary analysis of progress. Series Evaluating Eden, EE DP 06. 95p. London, United Kingdom: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
  5. Jones, Brian T. B. 2003. "Selected natural resource management and limited rural development assessment." Carried out for USAID, Namibia as part of the development of a programme strategy (i.e. strategic plan) for 2004-2010. Doc. ID/Order no. PN-ACX-276. Washington D.C., United States: United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  6. Newsham, Andrew J. 2003. "People in conservation and development in Namibia and Argentina: Participation, institutions and questions of transfer." PhD proposal, Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh.
  7. United States Agency for International Development. 1999. "Analysis of three case studies about strengthening community institutions for natural resource management." Presented at the USAID workshop on Growth-Environment 'win-win' opportunities through natural resource-based industries, 4 November 1999. Prepared by J. Kathy Parker, Consultant to Associates in Rural Development. Washington D.C., United States: United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
  8. Vainio-Mattila, Arja H. 1996. "The impact of development interventions on community based natural resource management: Cases from Kenya and Namibia." Fennia, vol. 174, no. 1, p. 125-222. Helsinki, Finland.

South Africa

  1. Cousins, Tessa, and Hornby, Donna. 2000. "Leaping the fissures: bridging the gap between paper and real practice in setting up common property institutions in land reform in South Africa." Paper presented at the 2nd CASS/PLAAS Regional meeting, Cape Town, South Africa, 16-17 October 2000.
  2. Fakir, Saliem. 2004. "Towards a pragmatic compliance and enforcement regime for the environment using a rights-based approach." Paper presented at the conference 'Enviro-legal compliance for sustainability', Rosebank, South Africa, 23-25 February 2004.
  3. Haddad, Lawrence, and Maluccio, John A. 2002. Trust, membership in groups, and household welfare: Evidence from KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. Discussion Paper, no. 135. Washington D.C., United States: Food Consumption and Nutrition Division (FCND), International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
  4. Khanya - Managing Rural Change. 2002. "Report of 'South African community-based planning workshop', Bloemfontein, South Africa, 29-30 October 2002." 18 November 2002.
  5. "Poverty and inequality in South Africa. 1998. Report prepared for the Office of the Executive Deputy President and the Inter-Ministerial Committee for Poverty and Inequality. Summary Report, 13 May 1998."

Swaziland

Zambia

  1. Bwalya, Samuel M. 2002. "Community based wildlife management in Zambia: a critical analysis of experiences from the Blue Lagoon Game Management Area." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  2. Lyons, Andrew. 2000. "An effective monitoring framework for community based natural resource management: A case study of the ADMADE Program in Zambia." Master of Science thesis. Graduate School, University of Florida.
  3. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  4. Wainwright, Carla, and Wehrmeyer, Walter. 1998. "Success in integrating conservation and development? A study from Zambia." World Development, vol. 26, issue 6, p. 933 (12 p).

Zimbabwe

  1. Campbell, Bruce, and Sithole, M. Bevlyne. 2000. CAMPFIRE experiences in Zimbabwe. Science, vol. 287, issue 5450, p. 42 (2 p).
  2. Le Breton, Gus. 1998. "Semantics, sustainability and CBNRM." Prepared for the Southern Alliance for Indigenous Resources (SAFIRE), Harare, Zimbabwe.
  3. Mhlanga, F. N. 2002. "Community-based management of animal genetic resources: A participatory approaches framework." February 2002. Harare, Zimbabwe: Dept. of Animal Science, University of Zimbabwe and Deutsche Gesellschaft für Technische Zusammenarbeit (GTZ).
  4. Murombo, Tumai. 2002. "Community based natural resources management and common property rights in land reform legislation: the case of Zimbabwe." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  5. Mutanga, Enock. 2009. "Management of Miombo forest resources by communities, it it a reality? A discussion of corner stones for effective community forestry management to support resource commercialization." Keywords: commercialization, community forestry, Miombo, Angola, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Zambia, Zimbabwe.
  6. Newsham, Andrew J. 2002. Participation: processes, problematics and Campfire. Occasional Paper. Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh.
  7. World Wildlife Fund. 2007. "Empowering rural communities to manage wildlife: Lessons learned from WWF - SARPO's support to CAMPFIRE Project 1993-2002." Ivan Bond, Lilian Goredema, Russell Tailor and Sonya Vermeulen. WWF - SARPO Occasional Paper Number 14, October 2007. Harare, Zimbabwe: WWF - SARPO. Keywords: empowerment. Comments: submitted by Liliam Goredema, co-author and also CBNRM Net member, in 12/2007.

6. West Africa

Countries: Bénin, Burkina Faso, Côte d'Ivoire, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Sénégal, Sierra Leone, and Togo.

General

  1. Actes de Koudougou. 1999. Consultation technique regionale sur les experiences de la gestion des ressources naturelles: Evolution et perspectives, Koudougou (Burkina Faso), du 6 au 10 Decembre 1999. Proceedings from a regional consultation on NRM experiences in West Africa. Ca. 160 p.
  2. Ba, Boubacar. 2002. "Approaches to the IASCP regionalization process at the level of the West African French-speaking sub-region" / "Cheminement du processus de regionalization de l'IASCP au niveau de la zone Francophone Ouest Africaine." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  3. Hall, John M., ed. 2002. "Manuel d'Animation des Communautes Pastorales." Programme Pastoral Pilote Ouest Africain (PPPOA). Washington D.C., les Etats-Unis d'Amérique: Banque Mondiale.
  4. Hall, John H., ed. 2002. "Outreach manual for pastoral communities." The West Africa Pilot Pastoral Program (WAPPP). Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.
  5. International Association for the Study of Common Property, Francophone West-Africa Network. 2001. "Action plan for the follow-up of IASCP activities in French-speaking Africa from 2001 to 2002." Document from a meeting in Ougadougou, Niger, 24-25 September 2001.
  6. International Association for the Study of Common Property, Francophone West-Africa Network. 2001. "IASCP regionalization thought processes at the level of West African French speaking areas." Document from a meeting in Ougadougou, Niger, 24-25 September 2001.
  7. Soeftestad, Lars T. 2002. "CBNRM Net: Knowledge management and networking for the global CBNRM community of practice." Paper prepared for the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  8. Tielkes, Eric, Slecht, E., et Hiernaux, P, eds. 2001. Elevage et gestion de parcours au Sahel, implications pour le développement. Comptes-rendus d'un atelier régional ouest-africain sur 'La gestion des pâturages et les projets de développement: quelles perspectives?', Niamey, Niger, tenu du 2 au 6 Octobre 2000. Stuttgart, Germany: Verlag Grauer, Beuren.
  9. World Bank. 1998. West Africa: Community Based Natural Resource Management. Findings, Africa Region, no. 107, November 1998. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.
  10. World Bank. 1998. Gestion des ressources naturelles par les communautés en Afrique de l'Ouest. Findings, Region Afrique, no. 107, November 1998. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.
  11. World Bank. 2002. "Mauritania: Technology Fosters Tradition (TFT). Concept Note." June 2002. Prepared by Lars T. Soeftestad and Hans-Werner Wabnitz. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.

Bénin

  1. Le Fonds d'équipement des Nations Unies. 2000. "Atelier 'Développement Local et Gestion Décentralisée des Ressources Naturelles', Cotonou, Bénin, 10-16 Décembre 2000, Rapport General." Organized by United Nations Capital Development Fund (UNCDF).

Burkina Faso

  1. Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane. 2000. "Minutes of the discussions on the creation of CORET (Confederation of Traditional Herders Organizations)." Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane (APESS), General Assembly Meeting, Doris, Burkina Faso, 13-19 November 2000.

Côte d'Ivoire

Gambia

Ghana

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2001. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2000-2001 Annual Report, p. 117-124. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Guinea

Guinea Bissau

Liberia

Mali

  1. Faure-Osei, Armelle, and Diakite, Noumou. 2002. "Etude d'Impact Environnemental et Social. Rapport Final." Projet de Conservation et Valorisation de la Biodiversité du Gourma (PCVB-G). Bamako, Mali: Ministere du Developpement Rural et de l'Environnement Republique du Mali.

Mauritania

  1. Soeftestad, Lars T. 2004. "Biodiversity conservation, communication and language - is English a solution, a problem or both?" 2004. CBNRM Net Papers, no. 7, August 2004.
  2. Wabnitz, Hans-Werner. 1999. "Return to the sources. Protection of access to common property resources under traditional law. An overview of the Code Pastoral in Mauritania." Draft, September 1999.
  3. World Bank. 2002. "Mauritania: Technology Fosters Tradition (TFT). Concept Note." June 2002. Prepared by Lars T. Soeftestad and Hans-Werner Wabnitz. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.

Niger

  1. Neighbor, Hope. 2001. "Niger benchmarking study: Harmonizing decentralized financial management." Draft, 31 July 2001. Washington D.C., United States: Africa Rural Development, World Bank.
  2. World Bank. 2002. Niger: The natural resources management project. Findings, Africa region, no. 76, May 2002. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.
  3. World Bank. 2002. Niger: Le projet de Gestion des Ressources naturelles. Findings, Region Afrique, no. 76, May 2002. Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.

Nigeria

Sénégal

  1. "Report. Assessment of natural resource management changes in Senegal in the period 1992 to 1998 from the knowledge, attitudes, and practices surveys." Vol. 3 of 3 (May 1999).

Sierra Leone

Togo

7. Sahel

  1. Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane. 2000. "Minutes of the discussions on the creation of CORET (Confederation of Traditional Herders Organizations)." Association pour la Promotion de l'Elevage au Sahel et en Savane (APESS), General Assembly Meeting, Doris, Burkina Faso, 13-19 November 2000.
  2. Hall, John M., ed. 2002. "Manuel d'Animation des Communautes Pastorales." Programme Pastoral Pilote Ouest Africain (PPPOA). Washington D.C., les Etats-Unis d'Amérique: Banque Mondiale.
  3. Hall, John H., ed. 2002. "Outreach manual for pastoral communities." The West Africa Pilot Pastoral Program (WAPPP). Washington D.C., United States: World Bank.
  4. International Institute for Environment and Development. 2002. "Shared management of common property resources in the Sahel. A regional action-research programme. 1999-2002 Final report." London, United Kingdom: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED)
  5. Tielkes, Eric, Slecht, E., et Hiernaux, P, eds. 2001. Elevage et gestion de parcours au Sahel, implications pour le développement. Comptes-rendus d'un atelier régional ouest-africain sur 'La gestion des pâturages et les projets de développement: quelles perspectives?', Niamey, Niger, tenu du 2 au 6 Octobre 2000. Stuttgart, Germany: Verlag Grauer, Beuren.

2. East Asia and the Pacific

Countries: Cambodia, Indonesia, Lao PDR, Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam

General

  1. Brosius, J. Peter, and Lowenhaupt, Anna, et al. 1998. Representing communities: Histories and politics of community-based natural resource management. Society & Natural Resources, vol. 11, p. 157, March 1998.

Cambodia

  1. Carson, Toby. n.d. Community-based natural resource management. In: Environment: Concepts and issues, p. 353-63. Phnom Penh, Cambodia: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Indonesia

  1. Birner, Regina, and Mappatoba, Marhawati. 2002. "Community agreements on conservation in Central Sulawesi: A Coase solution to externalities or a case of empowered deliberative democracy?" STORMA Discussion Paper Series, Sub-program A on Social and Economic Dynamics in Rain Forest Margins, no. 3, July 2002.
  2. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Lao PDR

  1. Arthur, Robert I., and Garaway, Carrie I. 2003. "Adaptive learning in small waterbody fisheries in Lao PDR 1999-2002. Briefing document." London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  2. Baird, I. 2000. Integrating community-based fisheries co-management and protected areas management in Laos PDR: Opportunities for advancement and obstacles to implementation. Series Evaluating Eden, EE DP 14. 19 p. London, United Kingdom: International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED).
  3. Garaway, Carrie J., and Arthur, Robert I. 2002. "Adaptive learning: lessons from southern Lao PDR." London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  4. Garaway, Carrie J., and Arthur, Robert I. 2002. "Community fisheries: lessons from southern Lao PDR." London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  5. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 1, May 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  6. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 2, December 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  7. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 3, April 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  8. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 4, August 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.

Philippines

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2000. Community-based natural resource management. In: 1999-2000 Annual Report, p. 104-109. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).
  2. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).
  3. Juinio-Menez, Marie A. 2002. "Myths and realities of participation in Philippine CBNRM: lessons from an analysis of who participates in what." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  4. La Vina, Antonio. 2002. "The future of CBNRM in the Philippines: the impact and challenge of global economic, environmental and technological change." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  5. United Nations. 2002. "Press release. Visit to the Philippines of Professor Rodolfo Stavenhagen, UN Special Rapporteur for the Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples." Geneva, Switzerland.
  6. United Nations. 2002. "Debriefing for the Government of the Philippines, by the UN Special Rapporteur for the Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples on the occasion of his visit to the Philippines, 2-11 December 2002." Geneva, Switzerland.
  7. United States Agency for International Development. 1999. "Analysis of three case studies about strengthening community institutions for natural resource management." Presented at the USAID workshop on Growth-Environment 'win-win' opportunities through natural resource-based industries, 4 November 1999. Prepared by J. Kathy Parker, Consultant to Associates in Rural Development. Washington D.C., United States: United States Agency for International Development (USAID).

Thailand

  1. Thangphet, Sopon. 2001. "The impact of HIV/AIDS on community-based resource management: A case study of an indigenous irrigation system in Northern Thailand." Overseas Development Group, University of East Anglia.
  2. Tokrisna, Ruangrai, Boonchuwong, Pongpat, and Janekarnkij, Penporn. 1997. "A review on fisheries and coastal community-based management regime in Thailand." July 1997. Submitted to International Center for Living Aquatic Resources Management.

Vietnam

  1. Deutcher Entwicklungsdienst. 2002. "Pufferzonenmanagement im Naturschutzgebiet Pu Luong, Provinz Thanh Hoa." A collaboration between Deutcher Entwicklungsdienst Vietnam, Fauna and Flora, World Bank GEF, and Global Environment Facility.
  2. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 1, May 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  3. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 2, December 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  4. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 3, April 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  5. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 4, August 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  6. To Xuan, Phuc. 2002. "Discrepancy between customary law and state law in forest management: A study of a Dao upland community in northern Vietnam." Draft. Hanoi, Vietnam: Center for Agricultural Research and Ecological Studies, Hanoi Agricultural University.

3. Europe, Central Asia and the Middle East

General

  1. Kluvánková-Oravská, Tatiana. 2001. "Community based natural resource management. Improving environmental decision making in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe. The case of the nature protection in the Slovak Republic." Paper presented at the conference 'Human dimensions research in Austria and CEECs', Graz, Austria, 18-19 May 2001.

4. Latin America and the Caribbean

Countries: Argentina, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Peru,

General, Latin America

General, Caribbean

  1. Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute (GCFI). 2001. "Report on the workshop on human system connectivity: A need for MPA management effectivity." A special event at the 'Symposium on Caribbean Marine Protected Areas: Practical approaches to achieve economic and conservation goals', the 54th Annual Meeting of the Gulf and Caribbean Fisheries Institute (GCFI), Providenciales, Turks and Caicos Islands, 12-17 November 2001.

Argentina

  1. Newsham, Andrew J. 2003. "People in conservation and development in Namibia and Argentina: Participation, institutions and questions of transfer." PhD proposal, Centre for African Studies, University of Edinburgh.

Bolivia

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Colombia

Ecuador

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Guatemala

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2001. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2000-2001 Annual Report, p. 117-124. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Guyana

Honduras

  1. Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development. 2002. Community-based natural resource management. In: 2001-2002 Annual Report, p. 18. Ithaca, New York, United States: Cornell International Institute for Food, Agriculture and Development (CIIFAD).

Peru

  1. Pinedo, Danny, et al. 2000. "Community-based natural resource management as a non-linear process: A case study in the Peruvian Amazon Varza." Paper presented at the 'Eighth Conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Bloomington, Indiana, United States, 31 May - 4 June 2003.

5. South Asia

General

  1. Kadekodi, Gopal K., and Hegde, Seema S. 2002. "A brief bibliographical survey on common property resources and community management of natural resources." December 2002. Commissioned by South Asian Network for Developmental and Environmental Economics (SANDEE), Kathmandu, Nepal.
  2. Kothari, Ashish. 2000. "Conserving nature with communities. Lessons from real life experiences in South Asia." Paper presented at the 2nd IUCN World Conservation Congress in Amman, Jordan, 3-11 October 2000.
  3. Pathak, Neema, and Kothari, Ashish. 2001. Communities and biodiversity: Lessons from South Asia. Biodiversity, Journal of Life on Earth, vol 2, no. 1, February 2001.

India

  1. Kashwan, Prakash. 2003. "Conflicts in joint forest management. Cases from Rajasthan." Community Forestry, vol. 2, Issue 4, May 2003, p. 12-17.
  2. Kothari, Ashish. 2000. "Incentives for biodiversity conservation at the local community level." In: Convention on Biological Diversity - Policy papers on crosscutting issues, vol. 1: Incentives and benefit sharing, p. 1-12. New Delhi, India: WWW-India.
  3. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 1, May 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  4. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2003. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 2, December 2003. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  5. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 3, April 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  6. Marine Resources Assessment Group. 2004. Fisheries & adaptive learning. Brief, no. 4, August 2004. London, United Kingdom: Marine Resources Assessment Group (MRAG) Ltd.
  7. Singh, Katar, and Gupta, K. K. 1997. "The Sadguru model of community-based natural resources." Anand, Gujarat, India: Institute or Rural Management Anand.
  8. Singh, Subrata K. 2002. "Conflicts, disturbance - a reason to change: lessons from community based natural resource management institutions in Orissa." Paper presented at the 'Ninth biennial conference of the International Association for the Study of Common Property (IASCP)', Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, 17-21 June 2002.
  9. Task Force on Common Property Resources (CPR). 1999. "Workshop on 'Status of common property land resources (CPR-lands) in Gujarat and problems of developing them'." 29 July 1999.

Nepal

  1. Adhikan, Jay R. 2001. Community based natural resource management in Nepal with reference to community forestry: A gender perspective. A Journal of the Environment, vol. 6, no. 7, p. 9-22.
  2. Gautam, Upendra, et al. 2001. "Report on the FMIS award and training on the theme of resource mobilization for operation and maintenance of irrigation systems." Kathmandu, Nepal: Farmer Managed Irrigation Systems Promotion Trust.
  3. Gautam, Upendra, et al. 2002. "Distributive justice in the development of water resources: Experience and option from Nepal." Prepared for the first Asia Water Forum (SAWAF), Kathmandu, Nepal, 26-28 February 2002.

6. Other regions

North America

  1. Brascoupé, Simon, and Howard, Simon. 2001. "A community guide to protecting indigenous knowledge." Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Dept. of Indian Affairs and Northern Development - Research Affairs Directorate / Affaires indiennes et du nord Canada - Direction de la recherche et de l'analyse.
  2. Gunter, Jennifer. 1995. "Creating the conditions for sustainable community forestry in B.C.: A case study of the Kaslo and district community forest." B.A. Hons, McGill University. Report, no. 267, 2000. Burnaby, British Colombia, Canada: School of Resource and Environmental Management, Simon Fraser University.
  3. Gunter, Jennifer, and Jodway, Shawn. 1999. "Community-based natural resource management: A strategy for community economic development." March 1999. Draft. CED for Forest Communities Project. Burnaby, British Colombia, Canada: Simon Fraser University.

Australia and New Zealand

  1. Cumming, D. H. M. 2000. Drivers of resource management practices - fire in the belly? Comments on 'Cross-cultural conflicts in fire management in northern Australia: not so black and white' by Alan Andersen. Conservation Ecology, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 4, February 2000.

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